JavaScript

 JavaScript.

    JavaScript, abbreviated JS, is a computer language that, together with HTML and CSS, is one of the essential technologies of the World Wide Web. Over 97 percent of websites employ JavaScript on the client side to control web page behavior, with third-party libraries frequently used. To run the code on the user's device, all major web browsers include a specialized JavaScript engine. 

JavaScript is an ECMAScript-compliant high-level, typically just-in-time compiled language. Dynamic typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions are all included. It supports event-driven, functional, and imperative programming approaches and is multi-paradigm. It supports text, dates, regular expressions, standard data structures, and the Document Object Model via application programming interfaces (APIs) (DOM).

The ECMAScript standard does not contain any input/output (I/O) capabilities like as networking, storage, or graphics. In reality, JavaScript APIs for I/O are provided by the web browser or another runtime system.

Originally used solely in web browsers, JavaScript engines are now essential components of some servers and a wide range of applications. Node.js is the most popular runtime system for this purpose. Although the names, syntax, and standard libraries of Java and JavaScript are similar, the two languages are separate and differ substantially in design.

Netscape presented JavaScript to Ecma International in November 1996 as the beginning point for a standard definition that other browser makers may follow. As a result, the first ECMAScript language definition was officially released in June 1997.

The standards process was carried on for a few years, culminating in the publication of ECMAScript 2 in June 1998 and ECMAScript 3 in December 1999. ECMAScript 4 development began in 2000. Meanwhile, Microsoft has consolidated its dominance in the browser business. By the early 2000s, Internet Explorer had a 95 percent market dominance. As a result, JScript became the de facto standard for client-side scripting on the Internet. Microsoft originally engaged in the standards process and implemented certain suggestions in its JScript programming language, but it finally ceased working on Ecma projects. As a result, ECMAScript 4 was shelved.

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